Paper Key : IRJ************596
Author: Bibave Samiksha Somnath,Dr. Shinde Kiran K.
Date Published: 03 Dec 2024
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin conditions in humans.AD affects up to 20% of children worldwide and results in morbidity for both patient and their caregivers. The basis of AD is an interplay between genetics and the environment characterized by immune deregulation. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects a substantial number of children and has a significant negative impact on affected patients and their families, which leading to cause of global burden from skin disease. Atopic dermatitis is associated with increased risk of multiple comorbidities, including food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and mental health disorders. A myriad of mutation that compromise the skin barrier and or immune function have been linked to AD. Of these filaggrin gene (FLG) mutation are the most evidenced. Many other mutations have been implicated in isolated studies that are often un-replicated, creating an archive of genes with potential but uncomfortable relevance to AD. Harnessing a big data, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and genome wide association studies (GWAS) may provide a more practical strategy for identifying the signature of AD. Epigenetics may also play a role. Staphylococcus aureus is the most evidenced microbial contributor to AD. Cutaneous dysbiosis may result in over-colonization pathogenic stains and aberrant skin immunity and inflammation. Aeroallergens, air pollution, and climate are other key environmental contributors to AD. The right climate and or commensals may improve AD for some patients. Keywords: atopic dermatitis, genetics, environment, pollution, Genome-wide association studies,