Paper Key : IRJ************232
Author: Dr. Sudeep Saraswat,Dr. Pradeep Pokhriyal
Date Published: 01 Apr 2025
Abstract
In the near future growing area of Quantum Computing at large, poses a significant threat to the security of widely deployed public-key cryptographic algorithms, such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). This paper explores the evolving landscape of cryptographic algorithms in the era of quantum computing, focusing on the vulnerabilities introduced by quantum algorithms like Shor's algorithm and the development of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) as a crucial defense mechanism. We delve into the key families of PQC algorithms, including lattice-based, hash-based, code-based, multivariate, and isogeny-based cryptography, and discuss the ongoing standardization efforts led by NIST. Furthermore, we examine the role of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) as a complementary approach to ensuring secure communication in the quantum age. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by quantum computing, highlighting the critical need for a timely and robust transition to quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions.